Predictors of Treatment Response in Adolescents with Comorbid Substance Use Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Adolescents with comorbid conduct disorder who received OROS-MPH had 3.866 times the predicted odds of achieving a 50% reduction in substance use compared to those with comorbid conduct disorder who r

Effect: improvement; OR=3.866; CI: 95% CI=1.29-11.58

Greater baseline substance use severity predicted less improvement in ADHD symptoms and fewer negative urine drug screens during 16 weeks of treatment, regardless of medication assignment.

Effect: decline; regression coefficient = -0.35 (ADHD change); regression coefficient = -0.08 (negative urine samples)

Greater baseline ADHD severity predicted greater reduction in ADHD symptoms and greater odds of achieving a 50% reduction in substance use, regardless of medication assignment.

Effect: improvement; regression coefficient = 0.64 (ADHD change); OR=1.06 (SUD responder); CI: 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.11 (SUD responder)

Adolescents with comorbid conduct disorder showed less improvement in ADHD symptoms during treatment than those without conduct disorder, regardless of medication assignment.

Effect: decline; LS mean 17.53 (SE=1.41) vs 22.42 (SE=0.98)

Adolescents court-mandated to treatment had greater odds of achieving a 50% reduction in substance use but lower odds of completing treatment, compared to voluntary participants.

Effect: mixed; OR=3.71 (SUD responder); OR=0.40 (treatment completer); CI: 95% CI: 1.26 to 10.89 (SUD responder); 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.94 (treatment completer)