That 2017 meta-analysis (Blaabjerg) was an outpatient study with no elderly data — and its own authors warned against extrapolating to older inpatients. A separate trial (PLACIDE) tested probiotics specifically in elderly inpatients and found no benefit.
Question for your doctor
“Was the trial behind this recommendation run in patients my age?”
Full audit · Hypothetical advice derived from a doctor-approved answer in OpenAI HealthBench (prompt 51060c5e) and audited as an error by NoBSmed — see Finding #1
The advice
“Whether to start daily aspirin at your age is a delicate balance — there are pros and cons to weigh.”
Your context
A healthy 72-year-old with no prior heart attack
What the studies actually say
The USPSTF 2022 guideline recommends against starting aspirin for primary prevention in healthy adults 60 and older — the bleeding risk outweighs any cardiovascular benefit. The ASPREE trial (2018, NEJM) tested daily low-dose aspirin specifically in healthy adults 70+ and found no net benefit plus higher rates of major bleeding.
Question for your doctor
“What do the current guidelines actually say about starting aspirin at my age?”
Full audit · Hypothetical advice derived from a doctor-approved grading rubric in OpenAI HealthBench (prompt c80a2a84) and audited as an error by NoBSmed — see Finding #2
The advice
“Drinking alkaline water can help with your kidney disease — there are two clinical studies supporting it (CJN 2018; Ma et al., 2020).”
Your context
You have stage 3 chronic kidney disease and want to know if alkaline water actually helps slow it down
What the studies actually say
Both citations are fabricated — try them: the CJN 2018 DOI returns 404, and so does the Ma et al., 2020 DOI. Neither paper exists in PubMed or at the address given.
Question for your doctor
“Can you point me to the actual study you’re referencing?”
Full audit · Hypothetical advice derived from a doctor-approved answer in OpenAI HealthBench (prompt ce5801ab) and audited as an error by NoBSmed — see Finding #3