PMC7982990

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

In per-protocol exploratory analyses, infants of mothers who completed the ECHO program had lower BMI at 6 months (p = 0.04) and 12 months (p = 0.03) and a lower weight-for-length z-score at 12 months

Effect: improvement; WFL z-score at 12 months: -0.20 +/- 1.22 vs +0.80 +/- 0.82, p = 0.05

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There was no difference in weight-for-length z-score or BMI between infants in the enhanced program (NFN+) and the standard program (NFN) at 6 or 12 months in intent-to-treat analyses.

Effect: null

There were no differences between the enhanced and standard home visitation programs in the timing of introduction of solids or juice/SSB, soothability scores, tummy time, TV/screen time duration at 1

Effect: null

There were no differences between the enhanced and standard home visitation programs in the timing of introduction of solids or juice/SSB, soothability scores, tummy time, TV/screen time duration at 1

Effect: null