Prevalence and predictors of PTSD and depression among adolescent victims of the Spring 2011 tornado outbreak

Overall 6.7% of tornado-exposed adolescents met full DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for PTSD since the tornado, with approximately one-third meeting re-experiencing and hyperarousal criteria and one-tenth

Effect: decline; 6.7%

Overall 7.5% of tornado-exposed adolescents met DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for a major depressive episode since the tornado, with girls significantly more likely than boys and older adolescents more l

Effect: decline; 7.5%

Prior exposure to natural disasters was associated with lower MDE risk after the tornado (OR=0.58, 95% CI [.35-.94]), suggesting a possible inoculation or preparedness effect specific to depression.

Effect: improvement; OR 0.58; CI: 95% CI [.35–.94]

Male gender was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of meeting criteria for PTSD in the final hierarchical logistic regression model (OR=0.48, 95% CI [.30-.77]), indicating that female ad

Effect: decline; OR 0.48; CI: 95% CI [.30–.77]

The extent to which adolescents were exposed to prior traumatic events was associated with greater risk for PTSD (OR=2.27 per additional trauma type, 95% CI [1.86-2.77]) in the final hierarchical logi

Effect: decline; OR 2.27; CI: 95% CI [1.86–2.77]

Whether a caregiver sustained a physical injury during the tornado was the strongest predictor of PTSD (OR=5.63, 95% CI [1.94-16.39]). Among adolescents whose parents were injured, 26.4% met criteria

Effect: decline; OR 5.63; CI: 95% CI [1.94–16.39]

Caregiver concern about the safety or whereabouts of loved ones during or after the tornado was significantly associated with greater risk for adolescent PTSD (OR=2.68, 95% CI [1.39-5.16]).

Effect: decline; OR 2.68; CI: 95% CI [1.39–5.16]

Loss of basic services (count of service types lost for >1 week) was significantly associated with greater PTSD risk per additional service type lost (OR=1.25, 95% CI [1.03-1.52]).

Effect: decline; OR 1.25; CI: 95% CI [1.03–1.52]

Male gender was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of meeting criteria for MDE in the final model (OR=0.35, 95% CI [.23-.54]), indicating female adolescents were approximately three time

Effect: decline; OR 0.35; CI: 95% CI [.23–.54]

The extent to which adolescents were exposed to prior traumatic events was associated with greater MDE risk (OR=2.46 per additional trauma type, 95% CI [2.04-2.96]) in the final hierarchical logistic

Effect: decline; OR 2.46; CI: 95% CI [2.04–2.96]

Whether caregivers sustained physical injury was the strongest predictor of MDE (OR=5.61, 95% CI [2.11-15.92]). Among adolescents whose parents were injured, 22.6% met criteria for MDE.

Effect: decline; OR 5.61; CI: 95% CI [2.11–15.92]