PMC10024939

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with increasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum scored significantly lower on an inhibitory control task at age 5 compared to children of women with low-sta

Effect: decline; β = −0.35

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24

Children of women with decreasing depressive symptoms from preconception through postpartum had significantly lower maternal ratings of effortful control at age 4 compared to children of women with lo

Effect: decline; β = −0.24