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Finding
Finding
improvement
Bipolar adolescents with comorbid ADHD who received FFT-A showed an 18% decrease in (hypo)manic symptoms from 9 to 24 months, while those with ADHD who received EC had a 2% increase over the same interval, a significant difference between treatment groups.
| Effect size | 18% decrease in (hypo)manic symptoms from 9-24 months (FFT-A+ADHD) vs 2% increase (EC+ADHD) |
| Follow-up | 15 months |
| Comparator | Enhanced care (EC; 3 sessions of family psychoeducation plus pharmacotherapy) in bipolar adolescents with comorbid ADHD |
| Effect summary | improvement; 18% decrease in (hypo)manic symptoms from 9-24 months (FFT-A+ADHD) vs 2% increase (EC+ADHD) |
| Effect modifiers | [{"modifier": "ADHD medication use", "interaction_p": "p=0.11 (three-way interaction weakened when covaried)", "direction": "attenuates", "stratum_details": "Three-way interaction ADHD x treatment x time weakened from p=0.06 to p=0.11 when ADHD medication included as covariate, though ADHD meds did not independently predict (hypo)manic symptoms (F(1,113)=0.58, p=0.81)", "plain_language": "ADHD medications may partially explain the treatment difference, but the medication itself did not directly affect mania symptoms", "annotation_notes": "This is a sensitivity analysis covariate, not a formal interaction test. The attenuation suggests possible confounding but the small sample makes interpretation uncertain."}] |
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Interventions
Conditions
Outcomes
Populations
Source
PMC6363856
Comorbid Disorders as Moderators of Response to Family Interventions Among Adolescents with Bipolar Disorder