Stroke | Top 34 novel treatment findings

BOLD-CVR identifies reperfusion failure in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

The study found that the volume of hemodynamic steal identified by BOLD-CVR was positively correlated with the overall DWI lesion volume and was a significant predictor of poorer clinical outcomes, as measured by the NIHSS score at hospital discharge.

Study published: 2023-05-15

Statins do not prevent early stroke recurrence

Prior treatment with statins was weakly associated with a decreased risk of early stroke recurrence, but initiating statin treatment post-event showed no significant effect on recurrence rates.

Study published: 2024-05-08

Genetic factors affect stroke recovery

Individuals without BDNF valmet and COMT valmet polymorphisms showed significant improvements in motor impairment and activity scores compared to those with these polymorphisms.

Study published: 2023-12-07

New-onset atrial fibrillation risk post-TIA

The study found that new-onset AF was diagnosed in 16.0% of TIA patients, with significant predictors identified, including female sex, older age, previous ischemic heart disease, and specific neuroimaging patterns. Early identification of AF can lead to timely anticoagulation therapy, reducing the risk of subsequent strokes.

Study published: 2021-03-08

Early carotid endarterectomy reduces stroke risk in symptomatic patients

Increased rates of early CEA/CAS were associated with a higher number of hospitals performing these procedures, leading to more patients receiving timely treatment for symptomatic carotid artery disease.

Study published: 2022-04-28

Recanalization therapy improves recovery for stroke patients.

Timely administration of recanalization therapy can significantly improve patient outcomes, including reduced mortality and better functional recovery. Early treatment is associated with higher rates of independence and lower levels of disability post-stroke.

Study published: 2024-01-30

BCI Robotics Enhance Stroke Rehabilitation

Statistically significant improvements in motor assessment scores were observed in three BCI-hand robot interventions compared to control groups. The use of these systems showed promise in enhancing fine motor skills and overall rehabilitation outcomes for stroke patients.

Study published: 2020-12-11

Walking benefits cerebrovascular health post-stroke

Participants who walked farther distances (FARhigh) exhibited a higher cerebrovascular response (CVR) in both the ipsilesional and contralesional hemispheres compared to those who walked shorter distances (FARlow).

Study published: 2021-06-16

Short-term dual antiplatelet therapy reduces ischemic recurrences in minor stroke patients.

Primary effectiveness outcome occurred in 3.9% of cases, with 3.3% cerebrovascular ischemic recurrences and 0.2% deaths due to vascular causes, indicating overall effectiveness and safety in a real-world setting.

Study published: 2024-01-11

Transcranial direct current stimulation does not improve fatigue or depression in chronic stroke patients.

While fatigue and depression severity were reduced during the intervention, there was no evidence of an added effect from tDCS compared to sham treatment.

Study published: 2021-06-28

Reinforcement learning for stroke drug combinations

The recommended drug combination significantly decreases the p-value between cerebrovascular accidents and target genes, indicating improved treatment efficacy. It is reported to be ten times more effective than standard treatments, enhancing community health and reducing management costs.

Study published: 2023-04-24

Sailuotong improves cognition in dementia

The clinical trials of SLT have demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive function, including memory, executive function, language, and orientation in patients with VaD. A pilot study indicated enhancements in quality of life and increased cerebral blood flow in specific brain regions. The phase II trial showed substantial cognitive improvements after 26 weeks of treatment.

Study published: 2022-03-27

Intracalvariosseous injection improves brain drug delivery in stroke patients.

ICO injection increased drug accumulation in the brain, reduced infarct area, and alleviated neurological deficits in a rat model of stroke, with subsequent clinical trials showing feasibility and safety in humans.

Study published: 2024-03-24

Transcranial magnetic stimulation improves motor skill recovery in stroke patients with upper-limb deficits.

Both cortical and subcortical lesion groups showed similar motor skill acquisition, but the mechanisms underlying this acquisition differed significantly between the two groups, indicating lesion-specific neurophysiological patterns.

Study published: 2024-07-31

Age increases CABG complication rates

The study found that elderly patients had a higher risk of complications post-CABG, including arrhythmia and stroke, which were associated with longer hospitalization periods. However, the study highlights the need for careful monitoring and management of elderly patients undergoing CABG.

Study published: 2023-05-17

Direct Oral Anticoagulants reduce stroke risk in patients with Valvular Atrial Fibrillation

The use of DOACs in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation was associated with similar clinical cerebrovascular outcomes compared to warfarin, with a notable decrease in the risk of fatal bleeding rates. At the 12-month follow-up, only 3.5% of patients experienced acute ischemic strokes, indicating effective stroke prevention.

Study published: 2023-02-26

Aspirin reduces stroke risk in male Fabry disease patients

The study found that stroke/TIA rates were significantly higher in male patients and those with severe genetic variants of Fabry disease. However, no patients under 60 years had a high 10-year ASCVD risk, indicating that traditional vascular risk factors were low in this cohort despite the high incidence of strokes.

Study published: 2024-07-17

Combined respiratory muscle training improves voice function in stroke patients

Significant improvements in peak flow (127%), patient self-perception of voice improvement (84.41%), and various perceptual measures of voice quality, including overall severity (63.22%), breathiness (61.06%), strain (63.43%), pitch range (48.11%), and loudness (57.51%). Additionally, maximum phonation time improved by 212.5%.

Study published: 2020-12-22

Depression reduces unsupervised training in stroke

Patients without depressive symptoms spent significantly more time in unsupervised training, indicating better adherence to rehabilitation protocols, which is essential for recovery.

Study published: 2024-06-22

Moderate-Intensity Exercise improves walking in chronic stroke survivors.

The study highlights the significant financial investment required for successful execution of stroke rehabilitation trials, emphasizing the need for adequate funding to ensure effective recruitment, retention, and assessment processes.

Study published: 2023-12-24

Motivational model aids stroke rehab

Significant improvements in physical outcomes such as activities of daily living and motor function of the paretic upper extremity were observed, with 84% participant satisfaction and a desire to continue the intervention.

Study published: 2024-01-11

Paramedics' stroke assessment compared to physicians

Strong correlation between prehospital assessment scores by paramedics and in-hospital NIHSS scores, indicating effective identification of stroke severity.

Study published: 2023-05-11

CVA-Flow telestroke system improves stroke assessment accuracy for patients with acute ischemic stroke.

The study demonstrated excellent reliability in NIHSS scoring from remote assessments, with an overall Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.936, indicating that remote evaluations using CVA-Flow are comparable to bedside assessments.

Study published: 2021-04-10

Carotid endarterectomy reduces stroke risk in patients with mild carotid stenosis.

The incidence of ipsilateral ischemic stroke was significantly lower in the CEA group compared to the BMT group (1.7% vs. 15.1%), indicating a protective effect of CEA against recurrent strokes.

Study published: 2024-05-04

Direct oral anticoagulants and left atrial appendage occlusion stabilize hospitalizations for thromboembolic events in atrial fibrillation patients.

The study found that while the use of anticoagulation therapy and LAAC procedures increased significantly, the overall rates of hospitalizations for thromboembolic events remained stable from 2010 to 2021. However, hospitalizations for TIA and SEE decreased, while AIS hospitalizations increased initially and then plateaued.

Study published: 2024-07-05

Ticagrelor reduces microembolic events during TAVR

Patients treated with ticagrelor experienced significantly fewer procedural high-intensity transient signals (HITS) compared to those treated with clopidogrel, with an average reduction of 255.9 HITS, indicating better cerebral protection during TAVR.

Study published: 2020-11-23

Participants improved balance and gait after Re-Step training for chronic brain injury.

Significant improvements in dynamic balance were observed post-training (p=0.001), with 45.7% of participants meeting or exceeding the minimal detectable change (MDC) on the CB&M Scale. Self-paced gait velocity also improved significantly (p=0.02), although only 9.5% of stroke participants exceeded the MDC on the 10MWT.

Study published: 2021-01-26

Physiotherapists enhance stroke rehab participation with tailored motivation strategies.

Improved adherence to exercise, increased self-confidence, and enhanced participation in rehabilitation activities were noted as positive outcomes of tailored motivational strategies.

Study published: 2022-04-21

Lifestyle and lipid-modifying therapies reduce dementia risk in older adults with genetic predisposition to white matter hyperintensities.

Individuals genetically predisposed to WMH showed larger WMHV, indicating a potential for targeted preventive strategies to mitigate dementia risk.

Study published: 2024-05-08

Point-of-care EEG detects seizures in stroke

The point-of-care EEG detected seizures in 15.8% of stroke patients and 34.4% of stroke-mimic patients, aiding in the diagnosis and management of these conditions.

Study published: 2024-06-25

Unilateral radiation therapy reduces carotid artery volume in cancer survivors.

The study found that 78% of patients exhibited a decrease in the volume of the irradiated carotid artery, and standard-of-care CT scans effectively detected these changes, which could serve as early imaging markers for RICAD.

Study published: 2024-05-16

Low-dose pioglitazone reduces stroke risk in prediabetic patients.

The treatment resulted in cost savings of CAN$23,542 and an increase of 5.78 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) compared to placebo, indicating that low-dose pioglitazone is a dominant strategy in this population.

Study published: 2023-11-03

COVID-19 mRNA vaccines increase stroke risk in older adults.

No overall elevated stroke risk was found following COVID-19 bivalent vaccines, with some increased risks noted only in specific age subgroups and conditions.

Study published: 2023-10-15

The Additional Carbon Dioxide method improves cerebrovascular response in healthy volunteers.

The Additional CO method consistently achieved high accuracy in reaching target inspired CO levels during both mechanical ventilation and spontaneous breathing, potentially enhancing the implementation of CVR assessments in mechanically ventilated patients.

Study published: 2023-11-20